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Disaster management

 

Disaster management

September 13, 2022
Disaster Management can be defined as the preparedness, response and recovery methods in order to lessen the impact of disasters. A disaster disrupts the normal function of the society to the extent that it cannot function without outside help. 
Disasters can be classified as natural, technological or complex emergencies. 
 
Prevention of Natural disaster 
Vegetative measures: Preserving vegetation, grasses and trees can minimize the amount of water infiltrating into the soil, slow the erosion caused by surface-water flow, and remove water from the soil. 
Structural Measures: Retaining and Diverting water using dams, floodplains, levees etc., Constructing piles & retention walls Improving surface & subsurface drainage Rock-fall protection 
Management measures: Integrated river basin approach public awareness, participation and insurance Land use zoning & risk assessment Flood forecasting and warning systems  Disaster Management System Within a State:
State Control Rooms
State Emergency Operating Centre
District Emergency Operations Centres
Day 31-40 (1:30hrs per day) [31 June 2022 -09 July 2022] 
Rainfall:
Several states in India witness very heavy rainfall during the months from June to September. Most vigil actions are to be taken and sustained till warning is withdrawn, in the districts predicted to be affected by the rainfall.
Landslides:
Landslides are caused by rain, earthquakes or other factors that make the slope unstable. They are of four types - fall and toppling, slides (rotational and translational), flows and creep. 
Warning systems: Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) issues 'Very Heavy Rainfall Warning' when two days of cumulative rainfall exceeds 8 cm in a rain station, landslide warning is issued to the respective districts. 
Flood:
Floods are the most common natural disaster in India. Several states have been affected over the years by heavy floods. Recent examples include 2015 Gujarat floods and 2018-19 Kerala floods. 
Initially, Emergency time functions are activated by SEOC and DEOC. All necessary forces are prepositioned as per the direction of the state incident commander. And the defence wing along with the central force is ready to move into any location in the state. 
 


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